用法示例
# inspect differences between branches
git log master...develop
# rebase last 3 commits
git rebase -i HEAD-3
# undo last operation that changed HEAD
git reset --hard HEAD@{2}
# checkout v2 tag not v2 branch
git checkout v2^{}
common git revisions
| reference |
description |
| git show abced1 |
sha1 |
| git show HEAD |
reference |
| git show v1.0 |
tag |
| — |
— |
| git show master |
local branch |
| git show origin/master |
remote branch |
| — |
— |
| git show master-2 |
2 commits back from master |
| — |
— |
| git show master..fix |
reachable from fix but not master |
| git show master…fix |
reachable from master and fix, but nor both |
| — |
— |
reference
| example |
description |
| git checkout HEAD |
reference |
| git checkout master |
branch |
| git checkout v1.0.0 |
tag |
| — |
— |
| git checkout origin/master |
aka, refs/remotes/origin/master |
| git checkout heads/master |
aka, refs/heads/master |
searching back
| example |
description |
| git checkout master@{yesterday} |
also 1 day ago, etc |
| git checkout master@{2} |
2nd prior value |
| git checkout master@{push} |
where master would push to |
| — |
— |
| git checkout master^ |
parent commit |
| git checkout master^2 |
2nd parent, eg, what it merged |
| git checkout master-5 |
5 parents back |
| git checkout master^0 |
this commit, disambiguates from tags |
| — |
— |
| git checkout v0.99.8^{tag} |
can be commit, tag, tree, object |
| git checkout v0.99.8^{} |
defaults to {tag} |
| — |
— |
| git checkout “:/fix bug” |
searches commit messages |
ranges
# reachable parents from master
git log master
# exclude reachable parents from master
git log ^master
# parents for head
git log HEAD^@
# HEAD, then excluding parents' ancestors
git log HEAD^!
# search previous HEADs matching criteria
git log HEAD^{:/fix}
